Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich

Leonid Nikolaevich Andreyev und China : allgemein
Ng Mau-sang : Andreyev's reputation in China was due to the fact that he succeeded in capturing the mood of the Russian youth at the turn of the century, particularly after Russia's defeat by the Japanese in 1904, and the failure of the Revolution in 1905. His appeal was more wide-ranging and multi-faceted. Defeat is the dominant theme of Andreyev, and it seems that he had some mental quirk which forced him to dwell on the abnormal and diseased.
Andreyev was one of the most avidly read writers in the 1920s, and his works were amongst the first to appear in Chinese.
The May Fourth writers knew that Andreyev was too complicated a writer to be taken just as humanitarian. They were well aware of his dual attitude to life- his heart which was determined to live life, and reason that abnegated it. His negative aspect of life – the gloom and pessimism which enveloped his works – posed a challenge to the Chinese writers. They were unvilling to accept his despair.

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Hong xiao. Zhou Shoujuan yi. [ID D37669].
Zhou Shoujuan schreibt im Vorwort : "The great modern Russian author Leonidas Andreief was moved by his regret over the war between Japan and Russia to write The red laugh. His writing, stern and serene, does not stray from the path of the permanent, while his description of the misery of war even surpasses that of Li Hua in Dirge on an ancient battlefield. For a time, it was on the lips of readers all over the world, unanimously regarded as one of the modern masterpieces. That is why I translated it : so as to present it to our countrymen, and perhaps also to bring the tidings of world peace."
"I have translated this piece very carefully. Whether names or paragraphs, structure or meaning – all follows the original text. I have not dared to cut or add at will. With a real masterpiece, as soon as its true is lost, it becomes worthless. This piece is full of hidden meaning. Readers should approach it earnestly to understand it, and in no case to read it in a careless and negligent manner."

Mao, Dun. Andeliefu [ID D37670].
Mao Dun argued that the defeatist tone in Leonid Nikolaevich Andreyev's works was the natural flavor of literature after great changes and calamities. He was for him the spokesman of his age, when the boredom, disappointment and despondency of young people in Russia reached its peak, especially after their defeat in the Russo-Japanese war in 1904.
Mao Dun schreibt über To the stars : drama in four acts von Leonid Andreyev : "To the stars asks stoically for the meaning of life, but the whole play is steeped in pessimism, offering no solution. Look at the astronomer in the play. He detests the life of the common people, he says that they are like wax men, lifeless and soulless. He researches in astronomy, and feels the world beyond this world in full of wonderment, and that affairs in this world cannot be compared to it. He says : 'In our world someone dies every second, and in the universe probably a world is destroyed every second. How can I cry and fall into despair on account of the death of one man ?' So he is practically unmoved by the death of his own son. But he is unable to alleviate his wife's sorrow for her son, or his daughter-in-law's sorrow for her husband. Andreyev announces through this play the conflicts between emotion and ideals in life. The astronomer's solution is beyond normal thinking. What he seeks is an abstract world, one that not everybody can understand."

Zhang, Wentian. Yi zhe xu yan [ID D37671].
Zhang schreibt : "We, who are bound by the so-called Confucian teaching and idolatry, unless we take hold of a sharp sword to cut off these things one after the other, shall never achieve freedom, never be able to understand life. Leonid Nikolaevich Andreyev's works are the sword we need, and we should brandish it about madly so as to destroy everything. However, on what should be done after the destruction, Andreyev has not even us an answer."

Aufführung von Da ma xi tuan = The big circus von Leonid Nikolaevich Andreyev im Shanghai Theatre, in der Übersetzung von Shi Tuo (Adaptation von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Chi er guang de ren. Mai Fu yi. (Shanghai : Zhong hua shu ju, 1935), unter der Regie von Huang Zuolin.

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Hong de xiao. Anteliefu zhu ; Lu Xun yi. Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich . Krasnyi smekh. In : Sbornik Tovarishchestva "Znanie". (S.-Peterburg 1905). = The red laugh : fragments of a discovered manuscript. Transl. by Alexandra Linden. (London : T. Fisher Unwin, 1905). = Das rote Lachen : Fragmente einer aufgefunden Handschrift. (Berlin : J. Ladyschnikow, 1905). = Le rire rouge : la guerre en Mandchourie. (Paris : F. Juven, 1905). [Manuskript verloren]
紅的笑

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Mo. Lu Xun yi. In : Yu wai xiao shuo ji ; vol. 1 (1909). Enl. ed. (Shanghai : Qun yi shu she (March 1921). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Molchanie. In : Zhurnal dlia vsekh ; no 12 (Dec. 1900). = Das Schweigen. Übers. von D. Treller. In : Aus fremden Zungen ; Jg. 16, Bd. 1 (1906). = Silence. In : Andreev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Silence and other stories. (London : F. Griffiths, 1910).
默

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Xin. Leng [Chen Jinghan] yi. In : Xiao shuo shi bao ; no 6 (5 Aug. 1910). = Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Mysl'. In : Mir bozhii ; no 7 (1902). = (Berlin J. Ladyschnikow, 1910). = [Thought].
心

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Hong xiao. Zhou Shoujuan yi. In : You xi za zhi ; no 10 (Sept. 1914). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Krasnyi smekh. In : Sbornik Tovarishchestva "Znanie". (S.-Peterburg, 1905). = The red laugh : fragments of a discovered manuscript. Transl. by Alexandra Linden. (London : T. Fisher Unwin, 1905). = Das rote Lachen : Fragmente einer aufgefunden Handschrift. (Berlin : J. Ladyschnikow, 1905). = Le rire rouge : la guerre en Mandchourie. (Paris : F. Juven, 1905). [Manuskript verloren]
紅笑

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Mo ran. Liu Bannong yi. In : Zhong hua xiao shuo ji ; vol. 1, no 10 (1 Oct. 1914). = In : Hu, Jichen. Xiao shuo ming hua da guan ; vol. 13-15. (Shanghai : Zhong hua shu ju, 1916). Übersetzung von Andreev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Molchanie. In : Zhurnal dlia vsekh ; no 12 (Dec. 1900). = Das Schweigen. Übers. von D. Treller. In : Aus fremden Zungen ; Jg. 16, Bd. 1 (1906). = Silence. In : Andreev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Silence and other stories. (London : F. Griffiths, 1910).
默然

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Chi tong. Zhou Zuoren yi. In : Xin qing nian ; vol. 7, no 1 (1919). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid. Ben Tobit. In : Nizhegorodskii sbornik (St Peterburg 1905). = Ben Tobit. In : Andreyev, Leonid. Judas Iscariot. (London : F. Griffiths, 1910).
齒痛

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Lanshalesi. Ming Xin [Shen Zemin] yi. In : Dong fang za zhi ; vol. 17, no 10 (May 1920). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikoaevich. Eleazar. (Stuttgart : J.H.W. Dietz, 1906). = Lazarus. In : Judas Ischariot und die anderen. (Berlin : J. Ladyschnikow, 1909). = Lazarus. In : Best Russian short stories. (New York, N.Y. : Boni and Liveright, 1917).
藍沙勒司

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. An dan de yan ai li. Lu Xun yi. In : Xian dai xiao shuo yi cong ; Vol. 1, Bd. 11 (1921). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. V tëmnuju dal'. In : Kur'er ; no 357 (25 Dec. 1901) = In düsterer Ferne. In : Aus fremden Zungen ; Jg. 12, Bd. 2 (1902).
黯淡的煙靄裡

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Shu ji. Lu Xun yi. In : Xian dai xiao shuo yi cong ; Vol. 1, no. 11 (1921). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Kniga. In : Pomoshch' (St Peterburg : Tip. I. Gol'dberga, 1903). = Im Nebel und andre Novellen. (1903). [Das Buch].
書籍

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Can hua. Hu Zhongchi yi. In : Dong fang za zhi ; vol. 18, no 11 (10 June 1921). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Tsvetok pod nogoiu. In : Novaia zhizn' ; no 13 (Dec. 1911). = The crushed flower. In : The crushed flower and other stories. (New York, N.Y. : A.A. Knopf, 1916).
殘花

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Lasalu. Ye Jinfeng yi. In : Eluosi duan pian jie zuo ji. Vol. 1. (Shanghai : Gong min shu ju, 1921). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikoaevich. Eleazar. (Stuttgart : J.H.W. Dietz, 1906). = Lazarus. In : Judas Ischariot und die anderen. (Berlin : J. Ladyschnikow, 1909). = Lazarus. In : Best Russian short stories. (New York, N.Y. : Boni and Liveright, 1917).
拉撒路

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Qi ge bei yi si de ren. Shen Zemin yi. In : Xue sheng za zhi ; vol. 8, no 4-6, 8-9 (1921). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Rasskaz o semi poveshennykh. In : Literaturno-khudozhestvennyi al'manakh. Vol. 5 (St Petersburg: Shipovnik, 1908). = (Berlin : J. Ladyschnikow, 1909). = Les sept pendus ; La vie d'un pope. (Paris : Charpentier, 1911).= The seven that were hanged. (New York, N.Y. : Boni and Liveright, 1918). = Die Geschichte von den sieben Gehenkten. (Berlin : J. Ladyschnikow, 1908).
七個絞死的人

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Ya sui de hua. Shu Heng yi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 12 ; special issue (Sept. 1921). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Tsvetok pod nogoiu. In : Novaia zhizn' ; no 13 (Dec. 1911). = The crushed flower. In : The crushed flower and other stories. (New York, N.Y. : A.A. Knopf, 1916).
壓碎的花

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Yi zhuang shi jian. Geng Jizhi yi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 12, Special issue (Sept. 1921). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Sluchai. In : Nizhegorodskii listok ; no 283 (16 Oct. 1901) = In : Zhurnal dlia vsekh ; no 10 (Oct. 1901). = An incident. (Boston : R.G. Badger, 1916).
一樁事件

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Annasima. Guo Xiebang yi. (Shanghai : Xin wen hua, 1923). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Anatema. (St Peterburg : Shipovnik, 1909). = Anathema : a tragedy in seven scenes. (New York, N.Y. : Macmillan, 1910). = Anathema : ein tragisches Spiel in sieben Bildern. (Berlin : J. Ladyschnikow, 1911).
安那斯馬

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Bilishi de bei ai. Andongliefu zhu ; Shen Lin yi. (Shanghai : Gong xue she, 1922). (Gong xue she wen xue cong shu). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Korol zakon I svoboda pesa 6-ti kartinakh. (Petrograd : Iakor, 1914). = Bel'giitsam. (Moskva : Knigoizdatel'stvo Obshchee dielo, 1914-1915). = The sorrow of Belgium : a play in six scenes. (New York, N.Y. : Macmillan, 1915).
比利時的悲哀

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Hai yang. Geng Shizhi yi. In : Xiao shuo yue bao ; vol. 13, no 1-2, 4-5 (1922). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Okean : tragediia v 7-mi kartinakh. (S. Peterburg : Prometei, 1911). = The ocean. In : The crushed flower and other stories. (New York, N.Y. : Harper, 1916).
海洋

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Gou de tiao wu. Anteliefu zhu ; Zhang Wentian yi. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1923). (Wen xue yan jiu hui cong shu). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid. Sobachii val's. In : Sovremennye zapiski ; no 10 (1922). = The waltz of the dogs : a play in four acts. Authorized translation from the original manuscript by Herman Bernstein. (London : Brentano's, 1922).
狗的跳舞

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich]. Annasima. Guo Xiebang yi. (Shanghai : Xin wen hua, 1923). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikolaevich. Anatema. (St Peterburg : Shipovnik, 1909). = Anathema : a tragedy in seven scenes. (New York, N.Y. : Macmillan, 1910). = Anathema : ein tragisches Spiel in sieben Bildern. (Berlin : J. Ladyschnikow, 1911).
安那斯馬

[Andreyev, Leonid Nikoaevich]. Ji'e wang. Geng Mianzhi, Li Xiaofeng, Zong Zhenfu yi. In : Chen bao fu juan (25-27 Jan. 1923). Übersetzung von Andreyev, Leonid Nikoaevich . Tsar' Golod. (St. Petersburg : Shipovnik', 1908). = King Hunger. (Boston : Poet Lore Co., 1911).
饑餓王

Zhang, Wentian. Yi zhe xu yan. In : Zhang, Wentian. Gou de tiao wu. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1923). [Vorwort]. = The waltz of the dogs. Transl. by Herman Bernstein. (New York, N.Y. : Macmillan, 1922). [Betr. Leonid Nikolaevich Andreyev].

Jin dai Eguo wen xue jia lun. = Essays on modern Russian writers. Yu Zhi, Yan Bing, Ze Ming ; Dong fang za zhi she. (Shanghai : Shang wu yin shu guan, 1925). (Dong fang wen ku ; 64). [Enthält Artikel über Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev, Fedor Mikahilovich Dostoyevsky, Leonid Nikolaevich Adreyev, Mikahil Petrovich Artsybashev, Vladimir Galaktionovich Korolenko].
近代俄国文学家论

[Gorky, Maksim]. Hui yi Anteliefu. Gao'erji zhu ; Huang Yuan yi. yi. (Shanghai : Yin qing chu ban she, 1937). Übersetzung von Gorky, Maksim. Leonid Andreyev. In : Kniga o Leonide Andreeve. (Berlin : Izd-vo Z.I. Grzhebin, 1922).= Reminiscences of Leonid Andreyev. (London : W. Heinemann, 1922). = In : Erinnerungen an Zeitgenossen. Übers. von Erich Boehringer. (Berlin : Malik-Verlag, 1928).
回憶安特列夫

[Gorky, Maksim]. Hui yi Andeliefu. Gao'erji zhu ; Ru Long yi. (Shanghai : Ping ming chu ban she, 1949). Übersetzung von Gorky, Maksim. Leonid Andreyev. In : Kniga o Leonide Andreeve. (Berlin : Izd-vo Z.I. Grzhebin, 1922). = Reminiscences of Leonid Andreyev. (London : W. Heinemann, 1922). = In : Erinnerungen an Zeitgenossen. Übers. von Erich Boehringer. (Berlin : Malik-Verlag, 1928).
回憶安德列葉夫

[Gorky, Maksim]. Hui yi Qiehefu. Gao'erji zhu ; Ba Jin yi. (Shanghai : Ping ming chu ban she, 1950). (Xin yi wen cong kan). Übersetzung von Gorky, Maksim. Vospominaniia : N.E. Karonin-Petropavlovskii, A.P. Chekhov, Lev Tolstoi, M.M. Kotsiubinskii, Leonid Andreev. (Berlin : Kniga, 1923). = Reminiscences of Anton Chekhov. (New York, N.Y. : B.W. Huebsch, 1921).
回憶契訶夫